Tzoumerka is a mountainous region. It’s geographical position, it’s terrain and the weather conditions affected the distribution and composition of it’s population, which developed and evolved through a series of successive economic and political events, inducing both positive and negative effects. From 1940 until today, the region passed gradually from the time of the lively villages and glorious battles in abandonment and uncertainty over future.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate, justify and analyze the changes of the human resources at the area of Tzoumerka as well as to examine the phenomena that are related and have contributed to the formation and evolution of their size and composition. The aim is to highlight the events that led to the current situation of the population as well as the presentation of future trends. In order to achieve this, the study period is determined under significant historical events. The different time periods that are determined, examine the state of the population, the size and its evolution. Then, the population is examined by sex, age and educational level. Finally, age structure and population indicators are used to identify future trends.

The final conclusions indicate that the population has been slightly increased. At the same time however the population is getting older. Migration and urbanization are presented as the main causes of the current state of the population.

History has shown that mountainous areas have been through several periods of desertification as well as periods of population recovery. Tzoumerka is a typical example of such changes. Are we, perhaps, in front of the upswing of Tzoumerka? Rather than wait for the  answer  to  this  question,  it  would  be  better  to  contribute  energetically  towards  this direction.