The forest, in its wider sense, constitutes a complex ecological system with its own life cycle and functions that coexist harmoniously in an area. It is a natural resource with particular significance for humanity. It constitutes a renewable natural resource with huge and inexhaustible potentials in the environmental, financial and cultural development of an area helping the creation of better living conditions.

The aim of the present essay is to demonstrate the dangers caused by forest fires on the mountainous areas and to observe the situation in the range of Tzoumerka. Bearing in mind that the existing scenarios of climatic changes suggest an increase in the danger of forest fires in the Mediterranean, certain measures are being proposed for the further protection of the forest ecosystems in the area of Tzoumerka. The selection and study of the specific area was done due to its particular natural, aesthetic and historical importance.