Through the last decades the Greek rural space has been suffering a constant decline in economic, social and environmental terms, as well. An important and characteristic aspect of the problem is the desertion of agricultural land. The Municipality of Zitsa is considered to be affected by this general rule, with minimal exceptions.

The wineries of the Municipality of Zitsa, owing to their significant wine production, have to manage large volume of winery waste, mainly grape marc and wine lees. Winery waste is currently burdening wineries’ operating costs, while it could be used to produce new high added-value products through an appropriate process. In this respect, the present paper explores the feasibility and viability of a winery waste process plant at Zitsa, in order to produce grape seed oil extract, grape oil extract and polyphenols.

Access to irrigation water is an advantage. Water is a tool and a means of ensuring ideal conditions for plant growth and optimization of yield. Sources of irrigation water are potentially all water resources, surface, underground and reclaimed. In the Zitsa’s plateau, the absence of a collective irrigation system entails high watering costs.

The operation of several poultry farms in the Municipality of Zitsa, combined with the occasional uncontrolled disposal of waste from poultry farming activity, lead to a major environmental problem in the area. In the present work the option of treatment of poultry residues, while producing energy through biogas burning is presented. After analyzing the characteristics of poultry waste, reference is made to the effects of the soil disposal of this untreated waste.

Water resource management is a complex and demanding procedure. Hence, continuous monitoring and updating of the anthropogenic pressures on water bodies is necessary, including both the current state and the response. The case study of Kalamas water body is strongly connected with the natural and the socioeconomic environment in the Municipality of Zitsa. In this context, this paper presents the composition of an inventory of point and diffused human-induced pressures for four major parameters affecting water quality.

The depopulation and the aging of the population is a typical characteristic in the mountainous areas of Greece. The prospects for the conservation and development of mountainous regions are closely connected with the stay of young people in these regions. For this reason, the teenagers are the objective of study in this paper, as they will be the future residents of the area of the Municipality of Zitsa.